X-ray testing does not require any physical contact with the circuit board or its components, making it a non-invasive testing method that can be used for complex PCBs and PCB components. X-ray inspection is an advanced automatic optical inspection (AOI) technology used to detect internal solder joints in PCB components. X-ray inspection uses X-rays to scan PCBs, allowing for a detailed and accurate view of the wiring/solder connections inside the circuit board. This imaging can quickly and easily identify defects in solder joints, through holes, and other features.

X-ray inspection has non-contact and high-resolution functions, and is the preferred automatic optical inspection technology for verifying the quality of internal connections under the surface of PCBs and PCB components. At Haibo, we will conduct X-ray inspection to check the solder joints of special components such as BGA and flip chip.

Whether it is electronic testing for open/short circuits, automatic optical inspection (AOI) to detect component accuracy, ICT (in circuit testing) to detect electrical connections, or FCT (functional testing), we can see and contact PCB surfaces or solder joints. But for some special components, such as BGA and flip chip, we cannot see the solder joints with the naked eye. In this case, we need to use X-rays to check the internal connections of the solder joints.

ICT (Online Testing) is an essential part of the PCB assembly process as it helps ensure that the circuit board operates properly and meets all quality standards. ICT testing can comprehensively evaluate every component on a circuit board, including resistors, capacitors, transistors, and integrated circuits. In addition, this type of testing can detect any short circuits or open circuits between components that may cause operational failures.

ICT is an effective and reliable method to ensure that PCBs are assembled correctly and operate as expected. It can help eliminate the possibility of costly errors while helping manufacturers maintain a high level of quality control.

FCT involves testing the functionality of circuit boards by simulating their expected use under actual conditions, which helps identify potential issues before they are put into production. Through appropriate implementation, FCT can promote the production of high-quality products that meet customer expectations, while reducing production delays and return costs.

Functional testing (FCT) of PCB components is an essential part of the manufacturing process. With it, it is easier to ensure that each PCB component meets its designed performance requirements. By investing in a comprehensive FCT testing strategy, manufacturers can be confident that their products have the highest quality and meet all customer requirements.

However, FCT still has two issues. Firstly, some clients or projects do require FCT because the quantity is small or the PCB is very simple; Secondly, FCT cannot simulate and test all the functions of PCB/components. However, FCT is very helpful in ensuring that each circuit board component meets the specified design and performance requirements before being delivered to customers.

FAI is inspecting PCB components and comparing them with customer requirements using first piece testing equipment to check if all component parameters are consistent with the BOM list. During FAI, each component of the PCB assembly will be thoroughly inspected for accuracy, completeness, compatibility, assembly, and functionality, including checking for missing or incorrect parts and verifying electrical performance, such as continuity testing and measuring resistance values.

FAI helps ensure that products comply with design specifications, thereby reducing product defects and saving time and money in the long run. It helps PCB assembly manufacturers eliminate any potential defects that may lead to future mass production failures, thereby reducing customer risks and costs.

FAI (First Article Inspection) is crucial in the PCB assembly process. This is a quality assurance method used to verify that all components have been correctly assembled and run as expected before further production. By conducting FAI, PCB manufacturers can also ensure that their PCBs comply with industry standards such as IPC-A-610 and J-STD-001.

Reliability testing is used to test the stability and durability of components, the compatibility of different components, and the overall performance of PCB components. It involves testing in different situations and environments, such as vibration, mechanical impact, drop, tension and shear, bending testing, high/low temperature, high humidity, salt environment, etc.

Reliability testing may involve physical testing, such as vibration or environmental testing, such as temperature cycling, moisture exposure, and solder fatigue analysis. These tests enable manufacturers to identify potential issues during customer usage. By regularly conducting these tests, manufacturers can ensure that their products can be safely used and operate as expected.

The reliability testing of PCB assembly is an essential part of the manufacturing process, ensuring that the product operates safely and normally in the expected environment. Here are some routine reliability tests:

If pursuing cost-effective FPC manufacturing services, choosing a Chinese manufacturer is the best choice. As a manufacturing powerhouse, China has abundant resources, cheap labor, and a large number of technical personnel. We recommend Haibo, a Chinese FPC assembly service provider with over 10 years of experience, who has performed outstandingly in various aspects

Efficient and reasonable quotation:There is an efficient quotation process to assist you in making decisions, providing reasonable prices and highly competitive quotes in China.
High quality and reliable products:Produce high standard printed circuit boards, manufacture and test according to specifications, international standards, and internal controls, and conduct pre production inspections to ensure robust processes.
Quick and on-time delivery:The assembly equipment is in good condition, with high productivity, minimal downtime, short delivery time, and also provides urgent services.
Timely and effective response:Always respond to customer needs, provide accurate information, answer questions through multiple channels, and offer one-stop services.
Strong technical strength:China's FPC manufacturing technology is leading, and Haibo has a complete SMT solution that covers assembly, inspection, and other capabilities. It also provides prototype production and customization services.